Cat Neutering: Everything You Wanted to Know

Cat neutering, also known as spaying (for females) or castration (for males), is a surgical procedure that removes the reproductive organs. This process prevents them from reproducing and helps manage the pet population. But there's more to it than just birth control. Neutering involves removing the ovaries and uterus in females and the testicles in males. While it might sound daunting, neutering is a standard practice with numerous benefits for both the cat and the kitty parent. 

Understanding what neutering entails can help alleviate any concerns and prepare you for the next steps. It’s essential to know that neutering isn't just about controlling the pet population, it also has significant health and behavioural benefits. 

Neutering has several effects on their health and behaviour. Firstly, it reduces the risk of certain cancers and diseases, making it a health conscious decision. For females, spaying eliminates the risk of ovarian and uterine cancers and significantly reduces the risk of mammary cancer. Spaying a female cat reduces her risk of mammary gland neoplasia by 86%. 

In males, neutering helps prevent testicular cancer and decreases the likelihood of prostate issues. Beyond health benefits, neutering can also positively influence your cat's behaviour. Neutered male cats are less likely to roam, reducing the risk of road accidents. They are also less prone to aggressive behaviours and territorial marking, making them more pleasant companions. Females will no longer go into heat, which can be a stressful period for both your furry friend and you due to loud vocalisations and erratic behaviour. Overall, neutering leads to a calmer, healthier, and more content furry friend. 

The neutering process is straightforward but varies slightly between male and female cats. For males, the procedure involves making small incisions to remove the testicles. This surgery is relatively quick, often taking just a few minutes, and the incisions usually heal rapidly without the need for stitches. 

In females, the process is a bit more involved. The veterinarian makes an incision in the abdomen to remove the ovaries and uterus. This surgery takes longer and requires more postoperative care to ensure proper healing. Nonetheless, it is a routine procedure performed by experienced veterinarians. 

Like any surgical procedure, neutering can have side effects, although they are generally mild and temporary. Common side effects include slight swelling or redness at the incision site, lethargy, and minor discomfort. These symptoms typically resolve within a few days. In rare cases, more severe side effects may occur, such as infection or an adverse reaction to the anaesthesia. It's essential to monitor them closely during the recovery period and contact your vet if you notice any unusual symptoms. 

Behavioural changes are another side effect of neutering. While these changes are generally positive, such as reduced aggression and marking, some cats may become slightly more sedentary. A balanced diet and healthy supplements will help keep them fit and healthy. 

The cost of neutering can vary depending on several factors, including the veterinary practice, location, and sex. On average, neutering a male cat typically ranges from £40 to £80. Neutering a female is generally more expensive, ranging from £50 to £100, due to the more complex nature of the surgery. Some clinics offer special packages or discounts, and animal charities may provide low-cost or subsidised options like Cats Protection. 

Although uncommon, there are potential complications associated with neutering. One possible complication is infection at the incision site, which can occur if the area is not kept clean or if your moggy licks the wound excessively. Signs of infection include redness, swelling, and discharge. 

Another potential complication is bleeding, either during or after the surgery. While vets take great care to prevent this, it's still a risk, particularly in older cats or those with underlying health conditions. Anaesthetic complications, while rare, can also occur. These are more common in those with pre-existing health conditions. Your vet will conduct a thorough health check before the procedure to ensure your kitty is fit for surgery. In most cases the surgery isn’t high risk however some pet parents are advised not to neuter if any ongoing medical issues make it too high risk.  

Timing is critical when it comes to neutering your cat. Most vets recommend neutering at around six months of age. At this age, they’re mature enough to handle the surgery, yet young enough to avoid many of the behaviours neutering aims to prevent. 

Some vets suggest early neutering, as young as four months, particularly for rescue kittens to ensure they are neutered before adoption. Studies have found that early neutering of kittens doesn’t seem to have any adverse side effects so it’s a little different to getting your canine companions neutered.  

If you have an older moggy, it's rarely too late to consider neutering. While there are slight increases in risks associated with surgery in older patients, the benefits often outweigh these risks. As long as they are at an age where they are healthy enough to go under anaesthetic, they can still have the minimally invasive operation. Consult your vet to determine the best option based on your beloved cat's health and needs. 

If you've adopted a cat and are unsure if they have been neutered, there are a few signs to look for. In males, neutered males will lack testicles, which are usually visible and palpable. If unsure, a vet can perform a quick check or an ultrasound to confirm. For females, it’s a bit trickier as the surgery is internal.  

A shaved patch on the belly or a small scar might indicate spaying, but these signs can fade over time. Again, a vet can provide a definitive answer through an examination or an ultrasound. Knowing your furry family member’s neuter status is important for both health and behavioural management. If in doubt, always consult with your vet for confirmation. 

Preparing for neutering involves a few key steps to ensure a smooth process. Firstly, your vet will likely recommend fasting them for 12 hours before surgery to reduce the risk of vomiting under anaesthesia. Ensure they still have access to water, but no food during this period. 

A pre-surgery check-up will be conducted to assess your cat’s health and suitability for the procedure. This may include blood tests to ensure there are no underlying health issues that could complicate surgery. On the day of the surgery, bring them to the vet in a secure carrier with a familiar blanket or toy to reduce stress. Your vet will provide you with all necessary pre-surgery instructions to ensure everything goes smoothly. 

Postoperative care is crucial to ensure a quick and smooth recovery for your cat. Keep your cat in a quiet, comfortable space where they can rest undisturbed. Prevent them from licking the incision site by using a collar like the MDC Smart Recovery Elizabethan Pet Collar if necessary. Monitor the incision site daily for any signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, or discharge.  

Encourage gentle activity to prevent stiffness but avoid letting them engage in vigorous play or jumping for at least a week. Your feline friend might be feeling a little sorry for themselves so provide them with plenty of love and attention during their recovery. They may need a little help with grooming in the days after their surgery to keep them nice and clean. Ongoing, their needs will also change when it comes to food. Neutered cats tend to be more prone to weight gain but with a good balanced diet specifically designed for neutered felines, you can easily address this.  

Neutering is a responsible and beneficial decision that impacts their health and behaviour. By understanding the process, benefits, and aftercare, you can make informed choices and provide the best care for your feline friend. For all of your kitty essentials, both before and after neutering, visit us online or pop in store to treat your feline friend.